Understanding MAT access in the context of unused MAT capacity in the United States: when increasing rural MAT capacity is not enough

Table 2 Provider and patient barriers limiting MAT access (N = 78)

Barrier	Number (%) of consortia reporting large or moderate impacts (N = 78^a)
Provider Barriers to MAT Provision
Perceived Clinical Complexity	28 (36%)
Unwillingness to Provide MAT at All or to Capacity	26 (33%)
Negative Stereotypes About Individuals With SUD/OUD^b	25 (32%)
Difficulty in Getting OUD Patients Who Present to Engage in Treatment	36 (46%)
MAT Not Seen as a Best Practice	14 (18%)
Patient Barriers to MAT Provision
Mistrust of the Health Care System	26 (33%)
Refusal of MAT as a Treatment Approach	11 (14%)
Individuals in the Community with OUD Are Not Presenting for Treatment^b	38 (49%)
Lack of Insurance (un- or under-insured)	32 (41%)
Logistical Barriers (e.g., transportation, telehealth-related issues such as no internet connection or cell phone)	54 (69%)

^a Among the 80 consortia included in our main analysis sample, 2 did not complete progress reports, leaving a sample of 78 for the barriers analysis
^b One of the 78 consortia did not respond to the Negative Stereotypes About Individuals with SUD/OUD item, and another consortium did not respond to the Individuals in the Community with OUD Are Not Presenting for Treatment item, leaving a sample size of 77 for these two items

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