Table 2 Multivariable analysis of factors associated with methamphetamine use among people who inject drugs in Iran (2019–2020)

History of homelessness (L12M^a)

 Yes

1.57 (1.77, 2.10)

0.001

 No

Ref

Age at first drug use (any type)

 < 18 years old

1.40 (1.05, 1.87)

0.020

 ≥ 18 years old

Ref

Duration of injection^ab

 ≥ 10 years

1.47 (1.11, 1.95)

 < 0.001

 < 10 years

Ref

Non-injection illicit opioids use (L3M^c)

 Yes

7.18 (4.93, 10.47)

 < 0.001

 No

Ref

Injecting illicit opioids use (L3M^c)

 Yes

2.98 (2.03, 4.36)

 < 0.001

 No

Ref

Multiple sex partners (L12M^a)

 Yes

1.60 (1.50, 2.73)

 < 0.001

 No

Ref

Region

 Central

1.15 (0.70, 1.89)

0.585

 North

5.42 (2.92, 10.03)

 < 0.001

 South

2.95 (2.04, 4.27)

 < 0.001

 East

24.43 (15.62, 38.22)

 < 0.001

 West

Ref